DevOps Interview Questions: DevOps is a collaborative approach that combines software development and operations to streamline the software delivery process. It involves close collaboration between developers, system administrators, and other IT professionals to ensure faster and more reliable software delivery. As DevOps continues to gain popularity, there is an increasing demand for professionals with DevOps skills.
If you are preparing for a DevOps interview, it is important to have a strong understanding of the DevOps principles, practices, tools, and technologies. DevOps interview questions are designed to assess your knowledge and proficiency in these areas.
DevOps interview questions can cover a wide range of topics such as continuous integration and delivery, infrastructure automation, containerization, monitoring, and more. Being prepared to answer these questions can help you showcase your expertise and increase your chances of landing your dream DevOps job. In this article, we will explore some common DevOps interview questions and provide tips on how to approach them.
DevOps Interview Questions
- How do you explain in business perspective about Dev-Ops Culture, IT Automation, Dev-Ops Lifecycle to the customer?
- How do you implement Dev-Ops in a real-time environment?
- Explain Dev-Ops Tools and how do you use them in your project.
- Explain in a business perspective about Dev-ops tools as a step-by-step process to the customer.
- Explain any one source code management tool (Git or SVN or CVS) and what is the purpose.
- Explain any one continuous integration tool (Jenkins or TeamCity or Bamboo) and what is the purpose.
- Explain the deployment process using the webserver (Apache Tomcat or WebLogic)
- Explain the Configuration Management tool used in Dev-Ops (Chef, Puppet, Ansible) and what is the purpose.
- Explain anyone’s code analysis tools (Sonar) and what is the purpose of this tool.
- Explain ELK and what is the purpose of this tool.
- Explain one monitoring tool and the purpose of this tool (Nagios).
- Explain anyone collaboration tools like “Jira” and what is the purpose of this tool.
- Explain the burndown chart?
- Explain Docker and what is the purpose of this tool.
- Explain DevOps Metrics and in-depth knowledge of business case creation and competitive analysis.
- Tell me anyone public cloud architecture “AWS or Azure”
- What are the benefits and what are the services available in Azure?
- Explain in detail about IAAS, PAAS, & SAAS and how do we use each service in real-time.
- How do you present Dev-Ops Metrics, Reports in a dashboard to the client?
- Final question As an automation consultant how do you approach the customer to use the Dev-Ops for their project and how do they get benefited and advantages.
- First and foremost questions, Rolls, and Responsibilities. In short, your daily work approach.
- The version of VCS you are using?
- How do you create a new user in VCS?
- Through which client, have you installed/using VCS? Is it, Apache or some other mode? Explain?
- Do you commit DB scripts with your source code as well?
- What according to you is a Release? And are you involved in the Release process?
- How do you create a Branch? And can developers create their own branches?
- What branching strategy are you following? Explain?
DevOps Interview Questions For Freshers
- How many folders are you using in your branching strategy? And Why do they require?
- After Release 1, and while Release 2 is in the process I have come up with a P1 issue that should be fixed up right away. What is the strategy that you follow up in resolving it?
- What are Hotfix and Bugfix?
- What is the Feature Branch? And its importance?
- How to take back up and load the Repository? What’s the command?
- Do U Merge the code? What are the Merge conflicts that you came across?
- Can you retrieve a set of revisions into a particular file and display it?
- List out the Admin commands that you have used in your project?
- Have you written, Batch scripts? If yes in what case did you wrote it?
- How to send an email notification after my commit is successful?
- I have a scenario where every developer works on his own branch, Every developer develops his application code with different versions of the software patch for example., Developer 1 works on Hibernate, Developer2 works on Spring, Developer 3 works on Struts. So as an SCM admin how do you maintain dependencies for these versions?
- When do you move the codebase to Tag? After production or Before?
- BUILD Tool
- The version of the Build Tools you are using?
- How do you pass parameters @ runtime?
- Difference between ear, war, and jar?
- Where do you deploy the artifact in Tomcat?
- What is the Maven script? How is it different from Ant?
- JENKINS
- The version of Jenkins?
- What is a Master/Slave configuration? How do you configure it?
- What is the executor? And its importance?
- How many ways can you create a project?
- How do you configure a project?
- I have my codebase in two VCS, one is in GIT and the other is in SVN.
- How do you check out the code from these at a time in Jenkins?
- Can I commit a codebase in Jenkins?
- What is LDAP and how do you configure it?
- How do you create users?
- What is the Freestyle project and a Maven Project?
- Can I create or call a Maven script in the Freestyle project?
- How do you create nightly builds? What is the Cron Syntax?
- What is CI and CD Job? Explain
- If every hour CI job gets triggered don’t you think it leads to space constraints?
- How does my CD Job pick up the latest stable CI Job? Do you manually retrieve it or Do you pass any parameters to it?
- What are the plugins U have used? List a few?
- How do you integrate Junit in Jenkins?
- Have you involved in static code analysis? If Yes, in what way have you implemented it?
- What is the Sonar cube? How do you configure it?
- I have 3 Jobs to get triggered, 1st Job from Machine 1, 2nd Job from Machine 2 should get triggered. How do you configure it?
- What are the Upstream and Downstream Jobs?
- What is the Pipeline concept? How do you achieve it? When it is useful?
- What are the Prebuild activities and Post Build activities?
- How can I send an email to 50 developers at a time? How do you configure it?
- What is the Jenkins workspace?
- How do you back up the Jenkins Jobs?
- How can I track the error if my build fails?
- What is Poll SCM
- I have a Release1 Parent Build called R1.1 which contains 100 child builds R1.1.1, 1.2, R1.1.3, R1.1.4, ……….R1.1.100. Now, for Release 2, R2.1 should get all the child builds i.e., R1.1.1 to R1.1.100. Therefore, without any human error, all my child builds version numbers of Release 1 should automatically change to R2.1.1 R2.1.2, and so on. How is this achieved?
- SHELL SCRIPTING
- Why Shell scripting? Why is it is used for?
- Which shell are you are using? And how many types of Shells are there?
- If Ant can deploy the artifacts what is the need of Shell?
- What is the difference between Shell and Powershell?
- Few questions on commands like “grep, sed, touch, head, tail, username -a username -r, PID, and ppid, to kill a process, chmod, awk, alias
- What is Shebang in the Shell script? And it’s the syntax?
- Execute shell script with command-line properties?
- What is $0,$1,$*,$#,$$,$?,$@?
- What the deployment script you wrote can you explain?
- How do you establish a connection with your remote server, Command?
- How to copy binaries to the remote server, Command?
- How to bypass validation every time you copy binaries? How do you achieve it?
- What is the port number of your application?
- What is the port number of Sonar?
- Port number of MySql?
- Where do you save up the information about the challenges you have faced in every release? Do you maintain Wiki or Knowledgebase some kind??
- In how many ways, can you create a file and access it?
- What is Catalina.jar, Catalina_Home and What is JSS in Tomcat?
- Can you explain your day-to-day activities as a DevOps Engineer?
- Difference between Continuous Delivery and Continuous Deployment?
- How do you take Jenkins Backup?
- How do setup Environments(Dev,QA,UAT,Pre-production,Production)
- in devops?
- What is Continuous Integration & Continuous Deployement(CI&CD)?
- What is Continuous Integration(CI)?
- What is Continuous Deployment(CD)?
- What kind of issues you are facing in Jenkins?
- What are the important tags in POM? The XML file, Can you explain some tags?
- What is the DevOps pipeline, Can you explain it?
- Can you tell me some important plugins in Jenkins and what do you know?
- How to integrate Jenkins with GIT, MAVEN, SONARQUBE, NEXUS, TOMCAT?
- How to create a job explaining in step-by-step details(General, SCM, Build Triggers, Build Actions, PostBuild Actions)?
- Where Builds are stored, Where jobs are stored?
- How many jobs and environments you create and manage in Jenkins?
- We have to remember all configuration files about(Git, MAVEN, JENKINS, SONARQUBE, NEXUS, TOMCAT, NAGIOS, APACHE)
- We have to remember all ports including(JENKINS, SONARQUBE, NEXUS, TOMCAT, NAGIOS, APACHE)
- Where will you get issues while merging branches & how will you resolve merge conflicts?
- Jenkins follows which architecture?
Ans: Master-Slave Architecture - Which strategy you are following for deployment release into the production server?
- What are the issues/errors you are facing regularly or recently in Jenkins?
- What is the life cycle of maven? What are the issues/errors you are facing regularly or recently in maven?
- How to integrate Maven with Jenkins?
- Which domain are you working for your company?
- What is AWS Cloud Formation? Can you elaborate on that? Why we use it?
- What are the templates in cloud formation?
- What are the parameters that are mandatory in AWS cloud formation templates?
- Tell me about autoscaling?
- Which services should I use to get reliability, robustness, and admirability for my application?
- What is discard capacity in Autoscaling? ( i didn’t understand what d question is)
- What are the min-max instances in autoscaling configuration?
- What is ELB? What is the benefit of elb?
- What is the health check?
- I have enabled port no 80 while creating an instance in SG on my IP, even though am not getting my website, I have contacted AWS support on that, they tell me to check your VPC configurations, what should I do for that,
- what settings do I need to check?
- What is user data in ec2?
- Why we use user data in the cloud formation template while creating an ec2 instance?
- What is Elastic Bean Stalk?
- Ec2 is there for hosting, then y we use elastic beanstalk?
- What is a managed platform?
- What is custom resourcing in AWS? What is its security in AWS?
- What your elastic block storage? Can you elaborate on it?
- What is s3? What is versioning? What is lifecycle management?
- What is AWS glacier?
- Which language worked on?
- For the last 6 months, what is your most challenging project? Explain?
- What is a cloud front?
- Have you deployed any web applications in AWS? What did you deploy?
- Did you deploy any real-time projects?
- What is Autoscaling? What type of auto-scaling did you use programmatic r manual auto-scaling? What are the things to do?
- How do you do auto-scaling? What parameters did you use an API? What API did you use in Autoscaling?
- What is a cloud front? Did you configure the cloud front in AWS?
- What kind of security did you work on AWS?
- Have you done hybrid integration?
- What is route 53? What is the use and how to work with it?
- What is CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)
Maven Interview Questions
Maven is a popular build automation tool used in Java development. Maven interview questions are designed to assess a candidate’s knowledge and proficiency in using Maven to manage project dependencies, build processes, and software releases. If you want more Maven Interview Questions then you can follow the below link.
- Explain the Maven Build Lifecycle?
- What is convention over configuration? How does maven use it?
- What are the phases of the Build Lifecycle and Clean life cycle? What happens in each phase?
- Explain maven dependency
- When does the maven use external dependency?
- What is a Build profile and what are the different types of Build Profiles?
- What are the different types of Maven Repositories? (or) they may ask the difference between types of maven repositories
- what is the sequence in which maven search for dependencies?
- What is the difference between snapshot and version in maven?
- What are system dependency and transitive dependency in Maven?
- How profiles are specified in maven?
- Explain all the dependency scopes in Maven
Devops Interview Questions Github
GitHub is a popular web-based Git repository hosting service used for version control and collaborative software development. GitHub interview questions aim to evaluate a candidate’s knowledge and proficiency in using GitHub for code management, collaboration, pull requests, issues management, and more.
- What is the difference between GIT and SVN?
- Advantages of using GIT?
- What are the STAGING area and INDEX in GIT?
- What is the difference between GIT PUSH and COMMIT? When they are used?
- What is GIT STASH?
- How do you create a branch in GIT?
- How do you merge code from branch to master in GIT?
- How do you confirm if the GIT branch has merged into master?
- What is HEAD in GIT? How many HEADS you can create in GIT?
- What does “git config” do?
- Learn about all the commands in GIT. The interviewer may ask indirectly about how can u achieve one scenario. You should be able to tell him the command to use.
- What is the purpose of branching in GIT? What is the common branching pattern in GIT?
- How can u resolve conflict in GIT? The interviewer may also ask you to explain one scenario of how you resolved conflicts in GIT in your current project.
- The major difference between the Application and the Web server?
- How many servers do u have? As you cannot deploy a War file in Apache Tomcat what other server do u use?
- Does U have 2 releases scheduled today? one is in the QA phase and the other is in the Production phase.
- The one in the Production phase is getting errors and you cannot move further what will you do?
- Is it possible to move a War or Ear file from the QA stage to UAT and Production stage?
- How will move a War or Ear to UAT and Production environment which completed a successful
- Can we replace TestNG with Junit? If yes then give some good points.
- Use of git detach command?
- Use of Git reset head command?
- committed 2 sides, you want the branch to be reverted to the previous one? how?
JENKINS Interview Questions
Jenkins is a widely used open-source automation server for building, testing, and deploying software. Jenkins interview questions aim to assess a candidate’s understanding and proficiency in using Jenkins to automate software delivery pipelines, manage builds, and integrate with other tools and technologies.
- Master-slave configuration and how do you connect to Jenkins from the slave machine?
- Build Pipelines?
- I have two Jobs, I want the first job should get executed by the Master and the other Job from the slave. How to achieve this?
- Difference between a freestyle project and a Maven-based project?
- LDAP configuration
- What’s the difference between LDAP and Email notification?.
- How to auto-deploy a war file into tomcat? (process)
- You can deploy it in many ways
- Using Tomcat manager
- using ant script by downloading the catalina.jar file and define custom ant tasks
- You can deploy using Jenkins by placing the war file in web apps
- You can deploy using shell scripts by placing the war file in web apps
- How to deploy a war file into tomcat by shell scripting(process) when you are working on a Linux machine?
- Make use of the SCP command in the shell script to copy the war file to the tomcat web apps directory
- what would you do if your servers are on Linux machines and you are working on the windows machine when you are doing automation and deployment?
- I will make use of pscp and plink to do the deployment and perform the actions on the Linux server from windows
- why do use Jenkins instead of ANT as both tools are used for the same purpose as building artifacts and deploy those to servers?
- How you will deploy the same .war file on multiple servers
- What is the process you will follow to give the installable file to the client?
- How do you convert .war file into .msi file(installable file)
- How to run the file.sh shell script in ant.
- How to call a target of another file within the different files.
- What is Jenkins
- What is the difference between Jenkins and Hudson?
- What SCM tools does Jenkins support
- How can you tell what version of Jenkins you are using?
- What is continuous integration in Jenkins?
- What are the pre-requisites for using Jenkins?
- How can you move or copy Jenkins from one server to another server?
- Commands to use to start Jenkins manually
- What are the most useful plugins in Jenkins?
- How to create a Jenkins job and what are the types
- What are the two components that Jenkins mainly integrates with?
- What is the default session timeout value in Jenkins and How can you increase the session timeout value?
- Explain about Jenkins security mechanism
- How can you pass parameters from one job to another job in Jenkins?
- Explain about build pipeline in Jenkins
- How can someone execute the jobs in Jenkins without having permission to execute the job?
- How to re-execute a parameterized build job without entering the parameter values when the job fails? Note:- Job should not ask for parameters and it should run with the values of parameters that you entered during the previous execution
- How to install plugins in Jenkins
- How can configure slaves/nodes in Jenkins?
- How to run jobs in slaves
- How you are Jenkins in your project
- How to configure a build/project in Jenkins from scratch
- How to run builds periodically
Final Words:
By understanding the core concepts and best practices of DevOps, and by practicing with common interview questions, you can demonstrate your expertise and show that you are ready to take on the challenges of modern software development.
